• • Population growth 
  • Poverty 
  • Biodiversity loss and its Conservation 
  • Energy security (energy conservation and alternative energy resources) 
  • Urbanization and sustainable cities 
  • Carrying capacity and ecological footprint 
  • Food security and sustainable agriculture 
  • Ecological restoration 

Interdisciplinary Nature of Environmental Science: 

• • Orientation on the convergence of various social and natural sciences to evolve a new discipline of environmental science: 
  • Environmental Biology 
  • Environmental Chemistry 
  • Environmental Physics 
  • Environmental Microbiology 
  • Environmental Toxicology 
  • Environmental Economics 
  • Environmental Geology 
  • Environmental Geography 
  • Environmental Biotechnology 
  • Environmental Sociology 

Environmental Pollution: 

• • Air Pollution, Water Pollution, Soil Pollution, Noise Pollution
  • Solid Waste 
  • Water Logging & Salinity 
  • Deforestation, Desertification & Eutrophication 
  • Global and regional air pollution problems 
  • Greenhouse effect 
  • Global Warming/Climate Change 
  • Ozone Depletion 
  • Acid Rain 

Climate Change:

• • Climate Pattern at the local, regional and global scale 
  • Different types of climates including tropical and mid-latitude climate, polar climates 
  • Climate change processes, Drivers and Indicators 
  • Effects of Climate Change on natural and societal systems 
  • Carbon footprint 
  • Climate change adaptation and mitigation 
  • Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) 
  • REDD+ 
  • Global environmental politics on climate change: role of India, China and USA (Copenhagen Accord 2009) 

Environmental Governance: 

• • Policy, legal and institutional frameworks for the governance of the environment in Pakistan:
  • National Conservation Strategy of 1992 
  • National Environmental Policy Act of Pakistan 2005 
  • Environmental Protection Act of 1997 
  • Pak-EPA (Review of IEE/EIA) Regulations 2000 
  • Hospital Waste Management Rules 2005 
  • Pollution Charge Rules
  • Sample Rules 
  • Solid Waste Management Plan 2005 
  • Hazardous Substances Rules 2005 
  • National Drinking Water Policy 2009 
  • Sanitation Policy 
  • National Climate Change Policy 2012 

Global Initiatives:

• • Brief on some of the Multilateral Environmental Agreements ratified by Pakistan
  • Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 
  • Cartagena Protocol on Bio-safety 
  • Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) 
  • Convention on Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat (Ramsar Convention) 
  • Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species (CMS) 
  • United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) 
  • Kyoto Protocol to UNFCCC 
  • Montreal Protocol on Substances that deplete the Ozone Layer 
  • United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) 

Environmental Assessment and Management:

• • Environmental Impact Assessment 
  • Strategic Environmental Assessment 
  • Environmental Management Systems (ISO 14000) 
  • Occupational Health & Safety management systems (OHSAS 18000) 
  • Participatory Approaches to Environmental Management 
  • Technological Approaches to Environmental Management 
  • Approaches to Solid Waste Management 
  • Disaster Risk Management 
  • Pollution Control Technologies 
  • Geographic Information System & Remote Sensing 
  • Natural Resources Management

This is the complete syllabus for preparation of CSS Environmental Sciences.

The Candidates should prepare thoroughly to succeed in the examination.

Therefore, here are a few suggested books you can buy for better learning about CSS Environmental Sciences from your favorite Multan Kitab Ghar online bookstore.

Suggested Reading Books for CSS Environmental Sciences Syllabus 2025

• Environmental Economics in Theory and Practice by Hanley, N. Shorgen, J, White,B
• Industrial Safety, Health and Environmental Management by Jain R.K. Rao S.S
• Environmental Science: Earth as a living Planet, 9th ed by Botkin, D. Keller, E. 2014
• Environmental Geology Facing the Challenges of Our Changing Earth by Erickson, J
• Environmental Geology by Keller A. Edward 
• Earth Science by Tarbuck. J. Edward Lutgens K. Friederick 
• Environmental Science: A Study of Interrelationship by Enger ED, Smith, B.F
• Basics of Forestry and Applied Sciences, Concepts and Theory by Masood A. A Qureshi
• Environmental Science: Working with Earth by Miller. T.G
• Disaster Management: A Disaster Manager’s Handbook by Carter N.W
• Disasters and Development by Cuny, F.C.
• Disaster Management: Warning Response and Community Relocation by Perry R.W. Mushkatel, A. H.
• Energy: Crisis or Opportunity, An Introduction to Energy Studies by Diana Schumacher
• Environmental Geology by Carla W. Montgomery
• Environmental Health; Ecological Perspective by Kathryn Hilgenkamp
• Official Website of Govt. of Pakistan by www.environment. Gov.pk
• Official Website of UN Environment Programme by www.unep.org.