CSS Economics 2025 Group 1

CSS Economics Syllabus 2025

This article covers the CSS Economics complete Syllabus 2025. The syllabus of CSS Economics consists of 2 parts of a collective 200 marks i.e., 100 marks each. The examination for CSS Economics is a compulsory exam for CSS candidates.

CSS Economics Syllabus 2025

Paper-I (100 Marks)

Micro Economics

• • Consumer behavior, 
  • Determination of market demand and supply i.e. concept of elasticity of Demand & Supply, Static, 
  • Comparative Static Analysis, 
  • Distinction between partial and general equilibrium analysis (basic level), 
  • Theory of the Firm, 
  • Producer’s equilibrium, 
  • Pricing of the factors of production

Macro Economics

• • Basic Economic Concepts, 
  • National Income Accounting, 
  • Consumption Function, 
  • Multiplier, 
  • Accelerator, 
  • Component of Aggregate Demand, 
  • Labour Demand and Supply, 
  • Un-Employment, 
  • Determination of equilibrium level of income and output (at least with reference to two or three “schools of thought”), 
  • Inflation

Money and Banking

• • Functions of Money, 
  • Quantity Theory of Money, 
  • The Fisher and Cambridge Formulations, 
  • Systems of note issue, 
  • Credit Creation, 
  • Functions of Central Banks, 
  • Instruments of Credit Control, 
  • Distinction between Goals, 
  • Operational & Intermediate Target of Central Banks Policy, 
  • Concept of Reserves, 
  • Liquidity Premium, 
  • Term Structure of Interest Rate, etc; 
  • Transmission Mechanisms of Monetary Policy, 
  • Theory of Liquidity Preference. 
  • TVM, 
  • Capital Structure, 
  • Capital Restructuring, 
  • IS-LM Analysis and the role of the Central Bank, 
  • Money Demand and Supply. 

Public Financing 

• • Government expenditure, 
  • Sources of Government Revenue, 
  • Privatization, 
  • Taxes and non- taxes, 
  • Incidence of different taxes, 
  • Public Debt, 
  • Objectives, 
  • methods of repayment,
  • Deficit financing, 
  • General Equilibrium Analysis, 
  • Welfare Economics, 
  • Fiscal Policy

International Trade

• • Theories of comparative advantage and Factor Endowments, 
  • Trade & Growth, 
  • Colonialism, 
  • Imperialism and International Trade, 
  • Trade Restrictions, 
  • Economic Integration, 
  • Trade Policy, 
  • Balance of Payments, 
  • Foreign Exchange, 
  • International Monetary system, 
  • Custom Unions

Economic Development

• • Concepts of development, 
  • Human development, 
  • Historical growth process and Development, 
  • Theories of development, 
  • Structural issues of development, 
  • Income distribution and poverty, 
  • Sectoral (agricultural, Industry, trade and fiancé) issues and development,
  • Environment and development.

Paper-II (100 Marks)

(Economics of Pakistan)

Definition and Measurement of Development:

• • Characteristics of under development, 
  • Rethinking on the concept of development: 
  • Growth vs. Redistributive justice, 
  • Absolute and Relative Poverty, 
  • Basic Needs Approach, 
  • Sustainable Development, 
  • Environmental Degradation & other Issues.

Planning Experience of Pakistan:

• • A critical evaluation of the strategy of economic planning, governance & Institutions

Agricultural Development in Pakistan:

• • Changes in Agricultural Policies over plan periods, 
  • Major Monetary and Fiscal measures to promote Agricultural development, 
  • Green Revolution Strategy and its implications for growth and redistribution, 
  • Land Reforms and changes in the Tenure System 1950— 1980, 
  • Cooperative Farming, 
  • Rural Development

Industrial Development in Pakistan:

• • Early industrialization strategy, 
  • Creation of Financial and Development Institutions, 
  • Major monetary and fiscal measures to promote industrial development,
  • Changing role of public sector over the plan periods, 
  • Evaluation of Nationalization Policy, 
  • Concentration of industrial income and wealth, 
  • Evaluation of Import Substitution Policy and Export led Growth Strategy in Pakistan

Role of Foreign Trade and Aid in Economic Development:

• • Trends in Pakistan’s Balance of Payments, 
  • Terms of Trade, 
  • Changes in direction of trade, 
  • Trends in Pakistan’s major exports and imports, 
  • Causes of significant changes in the trends, 
  • The role of migration and remittances in Pakistan’s economy, 
  • Costs and benefits of Foreign Aid, 
  • Role of Foreign Investment.

Privatization, Denationalization, Deregulation: 

• • Conceptual and operational aspects. 
  • International comparisons. 
  • Pakistan Experience of Privatization

Interest Free Banking in Pakistan 

Energy Policy of Pakistan

Social Sector Development in Pakistan 

Major Issues in Pakistan Economy:

• • Energy crisis, 
  • Corruption, 
  • Bad governance,
  • External debt accumulation and dependency, 
  • Unemployment, 
  • Income inequality, 
  • Inflation, 
  • Fiscal and trade deficits, 
  • Balance of payment issues, 
  • Shortage of irrigation water

This is the complete syllabus for preparation of CSS Economics.

The Candidates should prepare thoroughly to succeed in the examination.

Therefore, here are a few suggested books you can buy for better learning about CSS Economics from your favorite Multan Kitab Ghar online bookstore.

Suggested Reading Books for CSS Economics 2025

• A Text-book of Economics Theory by Stonier & Hague
• Economic Development by Todaro, M.P.
• Under Development and Agrarian Structurein Pakistan by Khan, Mahmood Hassan
• Economic of Islam by Ahmed, S.M.
• Economics by Paul A. Samuleson
• Factors in Economic Development by Cairncross, A.K
• Foreign Aid Theory and Practice in Southern Asia by Wolf, Jr. DC
• Government Finance—An Economic Analysis by Due John, F
• Introduction to International Economics by Snider, D.A, Paul Krugman, Donimich Salvatore
• Microeconomic by Ferguson, C.E. & Gould, J.P., Nicholson, Mankiw
• Macroeconomics by Rudigar Dorubush and Stanley Fisher Blanchard
•  Population Problems by Thompson & Lewis
•  Studies in Economic Development with Special
• Reference to Pakistan by Ghouse, A
• History of International Trade by Findlay, R and O’ Rourke, K
• Colonialism and Modernization by Karl Marx Anchor books
• On Colonialism by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels
• Economic Survey of Pakistan by Government Publication